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Computer Project Introduction | Get IDs | Split up IDs | Get Netatmo weather data
csv
file created by nationsplit.py
. This csv
file contains MAC addresses of around 170 stations, to limit calls of the API to less than 250 per csv
file. The csv
file is chosen by using the number of seconds since midnight, using the filefinder
function shown in lines 726-745. Then, for each station in this file, a netCDF file is created, and the API is called to retrieve the Netatmo data from this station for the previous day. The data is written to this netCDF file. You will need to specify your username
, password
, client_id
and client_secret
from your Netatmo Developer Account on lines 62-65 and 68-71.
I have two apps to retrieve data in order to manage the limits of the API: which one is used depends on the time - 0 minutes past the hour or 30 minutes past the hour.
This code requires the following core modules:
sys
library, to use command line inputos
, to create directories.datetime
for managing dates and times in Python.time
for managing times in Python. pathlib
, using the Path
function for directory management. numpy
1.17.2, for general number-wrangling with arrays.netcdf4
1.5.3, to create and write to netCDF files.requests
2.22.0, which initiates the data retrieval from the Netatmo APIpandas
0.25.1, which is used to read and write .csv
files.Example input file
Example output file
uol-netatmo-70ee50058a58_Aviemore_20200401_surfacemet_v1.5.nc
Some plots created from the example netCDF file above (using matplotlib
in Python):
Script
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""" try: file = pandas.read_csv(file_name, index_col=0).to_dict() for k in file: file[k]['module_name'] = (file[k]['module_name']) return file except: print('Check your csv file exists.') return {} def getpayload(): """ Generate payload depending on the time (i.e. after 00 or after 30 minutes past the hour) """ payload1 = {'grant_type': 'password', 'username': "$username", 'password': "$password", 'client_id':"$client_id_1", 'client_secret': "$client_secret_1", 'scope': 'read_station'} payload2 = {'grant_type': 'password', 'username': "$username", 'password': "$password", 'client_id':"$client_id_2", 'client_secret': "$client_secret_2", 'scope': 'read_station'} current_time = time() anom = current_time %3600 if anom > 1800: return payload2 else: return payload1 def gethistoricdata(_id, modules, start_time, end_time): """ Get Historic Netatmo Data for a given station. Max 1024 entries per call of the API Parameters ---------- _id : str MAC address of a Netatmo weather station (usually of the form '70:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx'). modules : list list containing strings of modules associated with Netatmo weather station, e.g.: ['02:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx','05:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx'] for a station with a temperature sensor and a rain gauge. start_time : int/float Time to retrieve data from, in the form of seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00 end_time : int/float Time to retrieve data until, in the form of seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00 Returns ------- output : dict Dictionary containing historical Netatmo data. """ modules = eval(modules) payload = getpayload() try: response = requests.post("https://api.netatmo.com/oauth2/token", data=payload) response.raise_for_status() access_token = response.json()["access_token"] refresh_token = response.json()["refresh_token"] scope = response.json()["scope"] except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as error: print(error.response.status_code, error.response.text) temphum = [n for n in modules if n.startswith('02:')] rain = [n for n in modules if n.startswith('05:')] wind = [n for n in modules if n.startswith('06:')] params_list = [] desc_list = [] params_outdoor = { 'access_token': access_token, 'device_id': _id, 'module_id': temphum[0], 'scale': 'max', 'type' : 'Temperature,Humidity', 'optimize' : 'False', 'date_begin' : start_time, 'date_end' : end_time } params_indoor = { 'access_token': access_token, 'device_id': _id, 'scale': 'max', 'type' : 'pressure', 'optimize' : 'False', 'date_begin' : start_time, 'date_end' : end_time } params_list.append(params_indoor) desc_list.append('indoor') params_list.append(params_outdoor) desc_list.append('outdoor') if len(rain) == 1: params_rain = { 'access_token': access_token, 'device_id': _id, 'module_id': rain[0], 'scale': 'max', 'type' : 'rain', 'optimize' : 'False', 'date_begin' : start_time, 'date_end' : end_time } params_list.append(params_rain) desc_list.append('rain') if len(wind) == 1: params_wind = { 'access_token': access_token, 'device_id': _id, 'module_id': wind[0], 'scale': 'max', 'type' : 'WindStrength,WindAngle,GustStrength,GustAngle', 'optimize' : 'False', 'date_begin' : start_time, 'date_end' : end_time } params_list.append(params_wind) desc_list.append('wind') output = {} item = 0 while item < len(params_list): try: response = requests.post("https://api.netatmo.com/api/getmeasure", params=params_list[item]) response.raise_for_status() data = response.json()["body"] if data == []: data = {'nan':['no data here']} output[desc_list[item]] = data except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as error: print(error.response.status_code, error.response.text) item += 1 return output def doit(file, output_path): data = csvread(file) current_time = time() anom = current_time %86400 finish = current_time - anom start = finish - 86400 for station in data: makefile(station, data[station], start, finish, output_path) def makefile(key, item, start, finish, output_path): """ Create a netCDF file. Function adapted from script written by Ben Pickering to save disdrometer data as a netCDF file. Parameters ---------- key : str MAC address of Netatmo station item : dict Metadata for Netatmo station from csv file. start : int/float Time to retrieve data from, in the form of seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00 finish : int/float Time to retrieve data until, in the form of seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00 output_path : str Desired output directory . Returns ------- None. """ try: site = key #start_date = datetime(int(sys.argv[2]), int(sys.argv[3]), int(sys.argv[4])) start_date = datetime.fromtimestamp(int(start)) #end_date = datetime(int(sys.argv[5]), int(sys.argv[6]), int(sys.argv[7])) end_date = datetime.fromtimestamp(int(finish)) print("Site Number %s" %site) print("Start Date %s" %start_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")) print("End Date %s" %end_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")) end_date = end_date + timedelta(days=1) #the way timedate works means the date range needs to be one day extra #to cover the dates the user entered current_dir = output_path # directory containing all the date directories output_dir = output_path date_counter = 0 missing = np.zeros([(end_date-start_date).days]) # Check OUTPUT YEAR directory exists directory_out_year = Path(output_dir + "/" + (start_date.strftime("%Y"))) if not directory_out_year.is_dir(): print("Directory %s DOESN'T EXIST!" %directory_out_year) os.mkdir(current_dir+'/'+start_date.strftime('%Y')) # Check OUTPUT MONTH directory exists directory_out_month = Path(output_dir + "/" + (start_date.strftime("%Y/%m"))) if not directory_out_month.is_dir(): print("Directory %s DOESN'T EXIST!" %directory_out_month) os.mkdir(current_dir+'/'+start_date.strftime('%Y/%m')) # Check OUTPUT day directory exists directory_out_day = Path(output_dir + "/" + (start_date.strftime("%Y/%m/%d"))) if not directory_out_day.is_dir(): print("Directory %s DOESN'T EXIST!" %directory_out_day) os.mkdir(current_dir+'/'+start_date.strftime('%Y/%m/%d')) ############################### ### Get historic data here: ### ############################### data = gethistoricdata(key, item['full_modules'], start, finish) if len(data) > 0: ################################ ### Create netCDF file here: ### ################################ town = item['city'] if town != item['city']: print(town, item['city']) if type(town) != str: town = 'uk' #print('town') town = town.replace(':', '') town = town.replace(' ', '') town = town.replace('/', '') if town == 'nocity': town = 'uk' fileloc = (output_dir+'/'+start_date.strftime('%Y/%m/%d') + '/' + 'uol-netatmo-' + key.replace(':', '') + '_' + town + '_' + start_date.strftime('%Y%m%d') + '_surfacemet_v1.5.nc' ) dataset = Dataset(fileloc, 'w', format='NETCDF4') # Global Attributes dataset.Conventions = 'CF-1.6, NCAS-AMF-1.0' dataset.source = 'UoL Netatmo unit '+ key.replace(':', '') #site_source[site] dataset.instrument_manufacturer = 'Netatmo' dataset.instrument_model = 'Netatmo Smart Home Weather Station' dataset.creator_name = 'Jonathan Coney' dataset.creator_email = 'mm16jdc@leeds.ac.uk' dataset.creator_url = 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7310-8002' dataset.institution = 'National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS)' dataset.processing_software_url = 'https://github.com/jdconey/netatmo' dataset.processing_software_version = '1.0' dataset.calibration_sensitivity = "https://www.netatmo.com/en-gb/weather/weatherstation/specifications" dataset.calibration_certification_date = "unknown" dataset.calibration_certification_url = "https://www.netatmo.com/en-gb/weather/weatherstation/specifications" dataset.sampling_interval = '5 minutes' dataset.averaging_interval = '5 minute' # Interpreted as the frequency of data in the file dataset.product_version = 'v1.0' dataset.processing_level = '1' dataset.last_revised_date = strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", gmtime()) dataset.project = 'Goldmine or Bust? Crowdsourced data for atmospheric science' dataset.project_principal_investigator = 'Ben Pickering' dataset.project_principal_investigator_email = 'ben.pickering@ncas.ac.uk' dataset.project_principal_investigator_url = 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8474-9005' dataset.licence = 'This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/' dataset.acknowledgement = 'Acknowledgement of Netatmo and NCAS as the data provider is required whenever and wherever these data are used' dataset.platform_type = 'stationary_platform' dataset.deployment_mode = 'land' dataset.title = 'Point measurement of data recorded from a Netatmo home weather station in a single day' dataset.featureType = 'timeSeries' dataset.time_coverage_start = start_date.strftime("%Y%m%d") + "T00:00:00" dataset.time_coverage_end = start_date.strftime("%Y%m%d") + "T23:55:00" dataset.geospatial_bounds = item['location'] dataset.platform_altitude = str(item['altitude'])+' m' dataset.location_keywords = str(town)+', United Kingdom, Europe' dataset.amf_vocabularies_release = "https://github.com/ncasuk/AMF_CVs/releases/tag/v0.2.4" dataset.history = "Collected: " + start_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") + "\nProcessed to netCDF: " + strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M", gmtime()) dataset.comment = 'None' # Dimensions latitude = dataset.createDimension('latitude', 1) longitude = dataset.createDimension('longitude', 1) time = dataset.createDimension('time', 288) # Make coordinate variables times = dataset.createVariable('time', np.float64, ('time',)) latitudes = dataset.createVariable('latitude', np.float64, ('latitude',)) longitudes = dataset.createVariable('longitude', np.float64, ('longitude',)) # Add attributes times.axis = 'T' times.units = 'seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00' # UNIX time. times.standard_name = 'time' times.long_name = 'Time (seconds since 1970-01-01)' times.valid_min = np.float64((start_date - datetime(1970, 1, 1)).total_seconds()) times.valid_max = np.float64(1439.*60. + 59 + (start_date - datetime(1970, 1, 1)).total_seconds()) times.calendar = 'standard' latitudes.units = 'degrees_north' latitudes.standard_name = 'latitude' latitudes.long_name = 'Latitude' longitudes.units = 'degrees_east' longitudes.standard_name = 'longitude' longitudes.long_name = 'Longitude' # Assign coordinate variables latlong = eval(item['location']) latitudes[:] = [latlong[1]][:] longitudes[:] = [latlong[0]][:] times[:] = np.float64(np.linspace(0, 1435*60, 288) +(start_date - datetime(1970, 1, 1)).total_seconds()) ################################################ ### Forge Netatmo data AT = np.zeros([288]) #Air Temperature AP = np.zeros([288]) # Air Pressure H = np.zeros([288]) #Relative Humidity if 'rain' in data.keys(): if len(data['rain']) > 1: PR = np.zeros([288]) # Precipitation Flux if 'wind' in data.keys(): if len(data['wind']) > 1: wind_speed = np.zeros([288]) wind_from_direction = np.zeros([288]) wind_speed_of_gust = np.zeros([288]) wind_gust_from_direction = np.zeros([288]) newdata = {} for i in data: newdata[i] = {} for time in data[i]: if time != 'nan': new_time = (int(time)-(int(time)%300)) if new_time not in newdata[i]: newdata[i][new_time] = data[i][time] else: newdata[i]['nan'] = data[i][time] j = 0 while j < len(times): for sensor in newdata: current = int(times[j]) if current in newdata[sensor].keys(): if sensor == 'indoor': AP[j] = np.float32(newdata[sensor][current][0]) if sensor == 'outdoor': AT[j] = np.float32(newdata[sensor][current][0]+273.15) H[j] = np.float32(newdata[sensor][current][1]) if sensor == 'rain': if len(data['rain']) > 1: PR[j] = np.float32(newdata[sensor][current][0]/300) if sensor == 'wind': if len(data['wind']) > 1: wind_speed[j] = np.float32(newdata[sensor][current][0]/3.6) wind_from_direction[j] = np.float32(newdata[sensor][current][1]) wind_speed_of_gust[j] = np.float32(newdata[sensor][current][2]/3.6) wind_gust_from_direction[j] = np.float32(newdata[sensor][current][3]) else: if sensor == 'indoor': AP[j] = -1e20 if sensor == 'outdoor': AT[j] = -1e20 H[j] = -1e20 if sensor == 'rain': if len(data['rain']) > 1: PR[j] = -1e20 if sensor == 'wind': if len(data['wind']) > 1: wind_speed[j] = -1e20 wind_from_direction[j] = -1e20 wind_speed_of_gust[j] = -1e20 wind_gust_from_direction[j] = -1e20 j = j + 1 ################################################ # Make qc_flag qc = np.full(288, 1) for i in range(0, 288): error = 0 if AT[i] > 273.15+ 60: error = error+1 if AT[i] < 273.15-60: error = error+1 if AP[i] > 1100: error = error+2 if AP[i] < 760: error = error+2 if H[i] > 100: error = error+4 if H[i] < 0: error = error+4 if 'rain' in data.keys(): if len(data['rain']) > 1: if PR[i] < 0: error = error+8 if PR[i] > 150: error = error+8 if 'wind' in data.keys(): if len(data['wind']) > 1: if wind_speed[i] < 0: error = error+16 if wind_speed[i] > 100: error = error+16 if wind_speed_of_gust[i] < 0: error = error+32 if wind_speed_of_gust[i] > 100: error = error+32 if wind_from_direction[i] < 0: error = error+64 if wind_from_direction[i] > 360: error = error+64 if wind_gust_from_direction[i] < 0: error = error+128 if wind_gust_from_direction[i] > 360: error = error+128 qc[i] = error qc_flag = dataset.createVariable( varname='qc_flag', dimensions=('time'), datatype=np.uint8 ) qc_flag[:] = np.uint8(error) ################################################ # Create Netatmo Variables & assign for rain and wind sensors where available Air_Pressure = dataset.createVariable( varname='air_pressure', dimensions=('time'), fill_value=-1e20, datatype=np.float64 ) Air_Temperature = dataset.createVariable( varname='air_temperature', dimensions=('time'), fill_value=-1e20, datatype=np.float64 ) Rel_Humidity = dataset.createVariable( varname='relative_humidity', dimensions=('time'), fill_value=-1e20, datatype=np.float64 ) if 'rain' in data.keys(): if len(data['rain']) > 1: precipitation_flux = dataset.createVariable( varname='precipitation_flux', dimensions=('time'), fill_value=-1e20, datatype=np.float64 ) precipitation_flux[:] = PR[:] precipitation_flux.units = 'kg m-2 s-1' precipitation_flux.long_name = 'Precipitation rate for 5 minutes in kg m-2 s-1 (liquid equivalent for solid precipitation)' precipitation_flux.valid_min = np.float64(0.) precipitation_flux.valid_max = np.float64(np.nanmax(PR)) precipitation_flux.cell_methods = 'time: mean' precipitation_flux.coordinates = 'latitude longitude' if 'wind' in data.keys(): if len(data['wind']) > 1: Wind_Spd = dataset.createVariable( varname='wind_speed', dimensions=('time'), fill_value=-1e20, datatype=np.float64 ) Wind_Dir = dataset.createVariable( varname='wind_from_direction', dimensions=('time'), fill_value=-1e20, datatype=np.float64 ) Gust_Spd = dataset.createVariable( varname='wind_speed_of_gust', dimensions=('time'), fill_value=-1e20, datatype=np.float64 ) Gust_Dir = dataset.createVariable( varname='wind_gust_from_direction', dimensions=('time'), fill_value=-1e20, datatype=np.float64 ) Wind_Spd[:] = wind_speed[:] Wind_Dir[:] = wind_from_direction[:] Gust_Spd[:] = wind_speed_of_gust[:] Gust_Dir[:] = wind_gust_from_direction[:] Wind_Spd.units = ' m s-1' Wind_Spd.long_name = 'Magnitude of the wind velocity in m s-1' Wind_Spd.valid_min = np.float64(0.) Wind_Spd.valid_max = np.float64(np.nanmax(wind_speed)) Wind_Spd.type = 'float64' Wind_Spd.cell_methods = 'time: mean' Wind_Spd.coordinates = 'latitude longitude' Wind_Dir.units = 'degree' Wind_Dir.long_name = 'Direction in degrees from which the wind was blowing' Wind_Dir.valid_min = np.float64(0.) Wind_Dir.valid_max = np.float64(360.) Wind_Dir.type = 'float64' Wind_Dir.cell_methods = 'time: mean' Wind_Dir.coordinates = 'latitude longitude' Gust_Spd.units = ' m s-1' Gust_Spd.long_name = 'Magnitude of the wind gust velocity in m s -1' Gust_Spd.valid_min = np.float64(0.) Gust_Spd.valid_max = np.float64(np.nanmax(wind_speed)) Gust_Spd.type = 'float64' Gust_Spd.cell_methods = 'time: mean' Gust_Spd.coordinates = 'latitude longitude' Gust_Dir.units = 'degree' Gust_Dir.long_name = 'Direction in degrees from which the wind was gusting' Gust_Dir.valid_min = np.float64(0.) Gust_Dir.valid_max = np.float64(360.) Gust_Dir.type = 'float64' Gust_Dir.cell_methods = 'time: mean' Gust_Dir.coordinates = 'latitude longitude' ################################################ # Create Time Variables year = dataset.createVariable( varname='year', dimensions=('time'), datatype=np.int32 ) month = dataset.createVariable( varname='month', dimensions=('time'), datatype=np.int32 ) day = dataset.createVariable( varname='day', dimensions=('time'), datatype=np.int32 ) hour = dataset.createVariable( varname='hour', dimensions=('time'), datatype=np.int32 ) minute = dataset.createVariable( varname='minute', dimensions=('time'), datatype=np.int32 ) second = dataset.createVariable( varname='second', dimensions=('time'), datatype=np.float64 ) day_of_year = dataset.createVariable( varname='day_of_year', dimensions=('time'), datatype=np.float64 ) ################################################ # Assign Netatmo weather data for indoor and outdoor sensors Air_Pressure[:] = AP[:] Air_Temperature[:] = AT[:] Rel_Humidity[:] = H[:] Air_Pressure.units = 'hPa' Air_Pressure.long_name = 'Air Pressure at Mean Sea Level' Air_Pressure.standard_name = 'air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level' Air_Pressure.valid_min = np.float64(np.nanmin(AP)) Air_Pressure.valid_max = np.float64(np.nanmax(AP)) Air_Pressure.cell_methods = 'time: mean' Air_Pressure.coordinates = 'latitude longitude' Air_Temperature.units = 'K' Air_Temperature.long_name = 'Temperature of the outside air in K' Air_Temperature.standard_name = 'air_temperature' Air_Temperature.valid_min = np.float64(np.nanmin(AT)) Air_Temperature.valid_max = np.float64(np.nanmax(AT)) Air_Temperature.cell_methods = 'time: mean' Air_Temperature.coordinates = 'latitude longitude' Rel_Humidity.units = '%' Rel_Humidity.long_name = 'Relative Humidity' Rel_Humidity.standard_name = 'relative_humidity' Rel_Humidity.valid_min = np.float64(np.nanmin(H)) Rel_Humidity.valid_max = np.float64(np.nanmax(H)) Rel_Humidity.cell_methods = 'time: mean' Rel_Humidity.coordinates = 'latitude longitude' # Assign time data year[:] = np.full(288, np.int32(start_date.strftime("%Y"))) month[:] = np.full(288, np.int32(start_date.strftime("%m"))) day[:] = np.full(288, np.int32(start_date.strftime("%d"))) hour[:] = np.repeat(np.linspace(0, 23, 24, dtype=np.int32), 12) minute[:] = np.tile(np.linspace(0, 55, 12, dtype=np.int32), 24) second[:] = np.zeros(288, dtype=np.float32) day_of_year[:] = np.linspace(start_date.timetuple().tm_yday, start_date.timetuple().tm_yday+1, 289, dtype=np.float32)[:-1] ################################################ # TIME year.units = "1" year.long_name = 'Year' year.valid_min = int(start_date.strftime("%Y")) year.valid_max = int(start_date.strftime("%Y")) month.units = '1' month.long_name = 'Month' month.valid_min = int(start_date.strftime("%m")) month.valid_max = int(start_date.strftime("%m")) day.units = '1' day.long_name = 'Day' day.valid_min = int(start_date.strftime("%d")) day.valid_max = int(start_date.strftime("%d")) hour.units = '1' hour.long_name = 'Hour' hour.valid_min = int(0) hour.valid_max = int(23) minute.units = '1' minute.long_name = 'Minute' minute.valid_min = int(0) minute.valid_max = int(59) second.units = '1' second.long_name = 'Second' second.valid_min = np.float64(0) second.valid_max = np.float64(59) day_of_year.units = "1" day_of_year.long_name = 'Day of Year' day_of_year.valid_min = np.float64(np.min(day_of_year)) day_of_year.valid_max = np.float64(np.max(day_of_year)) qc_flag.long_name = 'Data Quality Flag' qc_flag.type = 'byte' qc_flag.fill_value = np.uint8(0) numbers = list(range(0, 256)) hexes = [] for j in numbers: hexes.append(hex(j)) qc_flag.flag_values = np.uint8(numbers) qc_flag.flag_meanings = ("1 - temperature < 213.15 C or > 333.15 K; \ 2 - Pressure >1100 hPa or <760 hPa; \ 4 - Humidity < 0 or > 100; 8 - Rain <0 kg m-2 s-1 or > 150 kg m-2 s-1;\ 16 - Wind velocity <0 m s-1 or >100 m s-1;\ 32 - Gust velocity < 0 m s-1 or > 100 m s-1;\ 64 - Wind direction <0 degrees or >360 degrees;\ 128 - Gust direction <0 degrees or >360 degrees." ) ################################################ # Close the file dataset.close() date_counter += 1 else: print('fail. Empty data') except Exception as e: print(e) dataset.close() def filefinder(path): """ Calculates which csv file to read based on the time of day. Parameters ---------- path : str path containing csv files to read. Returns ------- path to filename as str. """ current_time = time() anom = current_time %86400 output = (anom / 1800) - 2 filename = int(np.floor(output)) string = os.path.join(path,str(filename)+'.csv') return string def main(): input_path=sys.argv[1] output_path=sys.argv[2] temp = filefinder(input_path) print(temp) doit(temp,output_path) if __name__ == "__main__": main() |