Current Research:
I am currently a Visiting Researcher in the School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds undertaking work in the areas of governance, policy and the environment, with a specific interest in marine environmental policy. I am also working on a number of research papers with colleagues in Leeds, and with researchers in the US and Germany. I am involved in work with colleagues in the Jean Monnet European Centre of Excellence at Leeds and have recently co-authored work with Professor Juliet Lodge on EU-China multilateral relations (a book chapter is forthcoming). I am also working in the area of EU security in its maritime regions and ports. In addition to these activities, I am also Guest Editing a special edition of the Journal of Contemporary European Research (for publication in late 2012). The theme of that special edition is “The Role of the European Union in Environmental Governance”.
I am acting as an Academic Advisor on EU-funded project with Europe Economics, London under DG MOVE’s Framework Contract (TREN/A1/143-2007). This project is reviewing the Port Reception Facilities for Ship-Generated Waste and Cargo Residues Directive (2000/59/EC) with the aim of developing new policy objectives, alongside retention or abrogation of the Directive. This project makes use of a large number of my publications and my PhD thesis, together with work undertaken when the Directive was originally being developed, as a resource for the review process. I am involved in the preparation of various reports to the Commission, attending meetings in Brussels and London, liaising with various members of the project team, conducting interviews with representatives of EU sea ports, and was also involved with the development of an online stakeholder consultation tool. I will also participate in planned workshops for stakeholders and in the development of policy options to be put forward to the Commission. It is anticipated that the new Directive will be signed in the third quarter of 2012.
PhD Research:
I undertook an Interdisciplinary PhD entitled “The Reduction of Ship-Generated Waste in the North Sea: A Contemporary Analysis” looking at aspects of the North Sea as a common resource area with multiple users and uses. I examined the development and introduction of a new EU Directive as a means of reducing vessel source pollution in the region, drawing information from a broad range of areas including law, policy and environmental studies. Specific aspects of the research included: developing an understanding of the current position in respect of oil pollution in the North Sea region through collation of previously published and unpublished material; identifying the roles and positions of the various actors through collation of published material and first hand meetings/networking; examination of drivers – financial, technical, cultural and legal – which influence actor behaviour; examination of existing international, regional and national legislation designed to control marine pollution in the region; examination of the development of the EU Directive from its initial conception to its final implementation, set within the context of other EU legislation; determining current level of marine pollution in the region using existing data sources and analysis of data to examine trends for oil pollution in the region; determining the current level of provision of facilities in ports using material previously published by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), ports, trade bodies and regional NGOs; development and use of a questionnaire to obtain a comprehensive picture of provision of facilities within ports; analysis of existing and new data; conducted interviews with representatives of port and shipping trade associations, the IMO and with national and international NGOs; and development of a model process for new environmental legislation, from identification of an environmental problem through to the introduction, if required, of specific legislation to overcome that problem.
Link to thesis: http://homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/~lecac/COMPLETE%20THESIS.pdf
Publications:
NOTE: All papers have appeared in peer reviewed journals or proceedings.
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS
1.1 Papers:
· Lodge, J. E. and Carpenter, A (Spring 2011). “Multilateralism and soft diplomacy in EU-China Relations”. Documentio de Trabajo Serie Uniόn Europea Nύmero 45/2011. Pub: CEU Ediciones, Madrid
· Carpenter A (2007). “The Bonn Agreement Aerial Surveillance Programme: Trends in North Sea Oil Pollution 1986 to 2004”. Marine Pollution Bulletin Volume 54(1) 2007, pp 149-163. DOI Information: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.07.013.
· Carpenter A (2006). “The EU Directive on Port Reception Facilities: A Case Study in the Development of an EU Environmental Directive”. European Environmental Law Review. Volume 15(12) of 2006, pp 368-380. ISSN 0966-1646. ID: EELR2006037.
· Carpenter A and Macgill S M (2005). “The EU Directive on port reception facilities for ship-generated waste and cargo residues: the results of a second survey on the provision and uptake of facilities in North Sea ports”. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 50(12) of 2005, pp 1541-1547. DOI information: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.06.021. (NOTE: This paper was submitted “In Memoriam” following the death of Dr Macgill, PhD Supervisor, in the December 2004 Tsunami).
· Carpenter A and Macgill S M (2003). "The EU Directive on port reception facilities for ship-generated waste and cargo residues: current availability of facilities in North Sea ports". Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 46(1) of 2003, pp 21-32.
· Carpenter A and Macgill S M (2001a). "Charging for Port Reception Facilities in North Sea Ports: Putting Theory into Practice". Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 42(4) of 2001, pp 257-266.
1.2 Book Chapters
· Carpenter, A. (September 2011). “International Protection of the Marine Environment”. Book chapter in “The Marine Environment: Ecology, Management and Conservation”, pp 51-86. Editor: Adam D Nemeth. Pub: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., USA. ISBN: 978-1-61209-265-2.
· Lodge, J E and Carpenter, A. (2012 – forthcoming). “Soft Diplomacy in EU-China Relations”. Book Chapter in “China and the European Union: Future Directions”. Editors: José María Beneyto, Xinning Song and Ding Chun. Pub: Edward Elgar
1.3 Proceedings:
· Carpenter A and Macgill S M (2001b). "The Development of EU Legislation on the Control of Ship-Generated Waste and Cargo Residues." In "The Marine Environment: Science and Law", eds J P Ducrotoy, S M Shastri and M Barry. Institute for Estuarine and Coastal Studies, University of Hull Scarborough Campus, 2001, pp 87-106.
· Carpenter A and Macgill S M (2000). "The new EU Directive on Port Reception Facilities for Ship-Generated Waste and Cargo Residues: an evaluation". Paper published in Maritime Engineering and Ports II, (Eds.) C A Brebbia and J Olivella. Series: Water Studies, Vol. 9, 2000, WIT Press, Wessex Institute of Technology, UK, pp 173-183.
1.4 Magazine Article:
· Carpenter A (2006). “Receiving Adequately”. Feature article in Ports and Harbors, Official Journal of the International Association of Ports and Harbors. Volume 51 No. 4, July 2006.
1.5 Papers in progress/target journals:
A number of papers are currently being written and these include:
· Environmental Policy, Performance and Justice: Evidence from the US from 1990-2006 (with Andy Gouldson and Richard Walker, University of Hong Kong) – Environment and Planning A
· How can career development modules improve employability and inspire students to achieve their full potential (with Colin Pitts, plus Gill Barber and Sue Hawksworth, Careers Service) – Journal of Geography in Higher Education
· The Role of the EU as a global player in environmental governance – Journal of Contemporary European Research (overview of content of Special Edition of JCER for which I am Guest Editor)
· The EU and Marine Environmental Policy: A Leader in Protecting the Marine Environment – JCER
· Developments in Port Security in Large Sea Ports: case studies in the EU and US (with Marc Fialkoff, former MSc student in Institute of Transport Studies, University of Leeds) – Coastal Management or Ocean and Coastal Management
2. Invited Presentations:
· Carpenter A (2012). “Security and Europe’s Sea Ports: threats and issues facing maritime gateways to Europe”. Presentation at the “Policing and European Studies” research conference, University of Abertay Dundee, 30 March 2012. NOTE: A book of the proceedings from this conference is in preparation for publication by Cambridge Scholars late 2012/early 2013.
· Carpenter A (2011). “Climate Change and Maritime Environment: EU-China Relations”. Presentation to the Public Awareness Local Meeting (PALM) on EU China Relations - "Towards a closer association between China and the EU: Searching for windows of opportunity". University of Leeds, 7 June 2011.
· Carpenter A (2010). “Maritime Security and EU Seaports”. Presentation to Expert Workshop on “Security in the Context of Ambient Intelligence” for ICT Ethics Network EU FP7 funded project, Leeds, November 2010
· Carpenter A (2002). "The EU Directive on port reception facilities for ship-generated waste and cargo residues: current availability of facilities in the North Sea". Invited speaker at the Maritime Environment Conference "Ship/Port Interface - Environment and Safety", Rotterdam, The Netherlands, October 2002.
· Carpenter A (2000). "The development of EU legislation on the control of ship-generated waste and cargo residues". Paper presented at the 6th Annual CERCI Conference, University College Scarborough, July 2000.
· Carpenter A (2000). "The new EU Directive on Port Reception Facilities for Ship-Generated Waste and Cargo Residues: An Evaluation", Presentation at "Ports 2000" Conference, Barcelona, Spain, September 2000.
NOTES:
The majority of my publications appear in the Marine Pollution Bulletin, the International Journal for Marine Environmental Scientists, Engineers, Administrators, Politicians and Lawyers. This is one of the top journals in the field of marine environmental studies whose scope covers the use of maritime resources in estuaries, seas and oceans and publishes articles in areas including the management, economic aspects and protection of the marine environment in general.
Many of my publications have been cited in research articles appearing in the Marine Pollution Bulletin. My work has also been cited in a number of other journals including Coastal Management, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Waste Management, and the International Journal of Remote Sensing.
Other Activities:
2 June 2009 – Contributed to the BBC World Service Programme “One Planet”. Provided a short piece on the question of “how polluted are our oceans and what can we do about it for a Special Edition of the programme celebrating World Oceans Day.
19 March 2009 – Panelist at “The Green Crunch” – a debate on the ‘new economics’ of environmental sustainability led by Sir John Harman. Event organized by SERA West Yorkshire in association with the University of Huddersfield and SocialCapitalHudds, held at that University.
9 June 2007 – Panelist at a discussion on “Working together for a cleaner and healthier Europe”. Event organized by the Yorkshire and Humber Branch of the European Movement and held in the Council Chamber, Leeds Civic Hall.
Editor (since 2008) of Earth and E-nvironment (online journal) produced by School of Earth and Environment at the University of Leeds. ISSN 1744-2893
Available online at: http://homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/~lecac/ejournal/index.htm
Case study (August 2009). “Using multiple methods in the teaching of Quantitative Statistics to a mixed ability group of M-level students”. Example of best practice in teaching at University of Leeds, Pub: Staff and Departmental Development Unit’s “Casebook” website. Available online at:
http://www.sddu.leeds.ac.uk/casestudies/casestudy.php?ID=56&topics=9,11,13,14,17,44,45&search=yes